Gas-lighting apparatus.



R. M. DIXON.

GAS LIGHTING APPARATUS.

APPLIOATIOH FILED r113. 23, 1906.

927,7 1 9. Patented July 13, 1909.

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TINETED STATES PATENT OFFIOE.

ROBERT M. DIXON, OF EAST ORANGE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE SAFETY CAR HEATING & LIGHTING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

GAS-LIGHTING APPARATUS.

To all 107mm it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT M. DIXON, residing at East Orange, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas- Lighting Apparatus, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in gas-illuminating apparatus, but it more particularly concerns improvements in apparatus of the foregoing character in which a mantle is employed in an inverted position as a medium of translating the calorific energy of combustible gases into illuminating rays.

The invention has in view, among other objects, an arrangement of globes whereby air will be so directed through the apparatus that the same will operate to the best advantage and without excessive heating of the shades or other vitreous parts.

Another object lying within the contemplation of the invention consists in the provision of a means for effectively shielding the mantle from undesirable drafts without interfering with the even inflow and exit of the necessary air.

Another object is to provide a gas-illuminating apparatus which, from an operative standpoint, will possess a high degree of elficiency and durability in usage, and which, structurally considered, will be of the utmost simplicity consonant with the ends to be attained, being composed of but few parts, all adapted for being made at a minimum of cost and individually so formed as to be capable of being easily assembled into a neat and compact arrangement for accomplishing the purposes intended.

Other objects and advantages will be in part obvious and in part pointed out hereinafter.

IVith these and other ends in view, this invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combination of parts, and arrangement of elements which will be exemplified in the embodiment thereof hereinafter described and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the following claims.

In order that the invention may be more fully understood and made comprehensible to others skilled in its relating arts, drawings illustrating a convenient manner of carrying Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 23, 1906.

Patented July 13, 1909.

Serial No. 302,426.

out the same are appended as a part of this specification, and, while the controlling principles of the invention may be otherwise applied by modifications falling within the scope of the claims, the herein disclosed embod iment is that which will ordinarily be preferable to employ in practice and is regarded as representing substantial improvements over the many implied and obvious variations of the same.

In the appended drawing, which illustrates the invention in vertical section, like reference numerals refer to corresponding parts.

In the practical application of this invention, any suitable type of lamp may be employed, but that shown will, in ordinary instances, be found to be preferable. In this form of lamp, 1 denotes a stop-cock interposed between the lamp and the gas main for the purpose of controlling the supply of gas. An injector 2 of any suitable form will be located, in ordinary cases, to one side of the lamp and in such a position that fresh air may have free access thereto. Leading from such injector and, preferably, along a horizontal course, is a suitable conduit which will be firmly secured to the body portion of the lamp, as by means of screw-threads denoted by 3, and such conduit will terminate through an orifice .4. within a mixing-chamber 5. Within this chamber, the air will be thoroughly diffused with the gas, after which the mixture will flow downwardly through the channel 8 afi'orded by the nozzle 7, which will be securely fixed to the lamp body and depend therefrom so as to establish a proper communication with the mixing-chamber and the mantle, which will be arranged to encompass the end of the nozzle in the manner to be hereinafter described. To this end, the nozzle is exteriorly threaded adjacent its end, as denoted by 9, in order to adapt it for engagement with a device which serves as a combined mantle and globe holder. This combined mantle and globe holder provides an interiorly and exteriorly threaded hub 10, which, at its upper end, flares upwardly and outwardly in a portion 11 which is provided with suitable apertures 12 for the escape of gas and consumed air, as will be subsequently more fully explained. The upper eriphery 13 of such flaring portion is bent for a short distance along a horizontal direction, forming a plane upper surface or periphery which normally rests in close abutment with the under side of the periphery of the lamp body, which portion 14 also serves as a flange for the support of the shade holder. At its extreme periphery, the combined mantle and globe holder turns downwardly, as indicated by 15, and is provided with interior screw-threads adapted for engagement with a retaining-ring 16 which is .attached to the globe in a semi-permanent manner through an interposed asbestos packing-ring 17, which serves to not only evenly distribute the strains caused by the pressure of the retaining-ring, but also prevents undue heating of the globe 18, which will be readily understood is almost always of vitreous material, such as glass. Such globe 18 will be provided with a bottom opening of such size that a free flow of fresh air against the mantle may be insured, and that such flow will talre lace in the best manner, the inner globe 18 will be extended a short distance below the mantle, as shown in the drawing.

While this invention is not to be limited in matters of detail, it may be stated that the preferable mode of attaching the mantle in place is that illustrated on the drawings, in which the mantle, designated by 19, circumscribes a spool 20 within a groove 21 in the end thereof. Such spool, which will usually be formed of some non-combustible material, such as asbestos, will be interiorly provided with screw-threads of a gage corresponding with the exterior thread on hub 1.0. It will be observed that the combined mantle and globe holder is adapted for being readily removed or replaced as a whole without disturbing the mutual relationship between the mantle and the globe, and the ad vantages of such a unit system will be ap parent and need not be enlarged upon.

As the aforesaid parts are designed to work in conjunction with a large inclosing shade, which is designated by 22 and at the bottom may be either open or closed according to preference, and will ordinarily be of an ornamental nature and adapted for the best diffusion of the light, as by means of frosting, or other surface effects, a suitable retaining or supporting member 23 will be provided. Such support preferably rests upon the flange 1a, which extends outwardly from the lower end of the lamp body and. to insure a permanent attachment, the end 2 1 of the support may extend upwardly along the outer periphery of the lamp body and be secured in place by means of a screw 25. A support in the shown form extends downwardly from the flange 14 and then extends horizontally for a short distance, forming a fiat annular portion 26 through which will extend a series of apertures 27, thus providing for the even flow of the necessary air. At its extreme periphery, such support is inturned so as to be adapted for interfitting with a suitable ring 28 which is of greater internal diameter at its top than at its bottom and will preferably be provided with one or more inwardly radiating lugs 28, which tend to ef fect a more secure attachment of the shade and adapt the latter for being more easily removed. The upper end of the shade 22 will be furnished with a groove 29 and may also be provided with a piece 30 which will straddle the upper edge and thereby protect the same against excessive pressureor heat. One or more adjusting screws 31 serve to retain the shade against a disengaging movement, and a locknut 32 may also be provided, if so desired, for the purpose of preventing a loosening of screw 31.

The operation of the device with a closed shade may now be briefly set forth. The incoming fresh air will enter through the ori fices 27, as indicated. by the arrow 33, and will follow downwardly along the outside of globe 18, which thus acts as a shield, as shown by the arrows 3 1 and 35, ultimately entering the interior of globe 18 through the bottom opening thereof, as indicated by 36. The air will then wash against the mantle, thereby supplying the requisite oxygen for the ultimate combustion of the burning gases, and will then rise because of its highly heated condition, first passing through the orifices 12, as shown by arrow 37, and finally into the escape-chambers 38 provided in the lamp body intermediate the mixing chamber and the periphery thereof. Arrow 39 designates such course and arrow 40 illustrates the final escape of the vitiated products of combustion. In order that the outflow of the said products may be properly directed, a deflecting plate 41 may be provided upon the upper end of an extension 12 which integrally rises from the lamp body. A suitable crown plate 43 may also be utilized, and a convenient mode ofsecuring the same in place is shown in the drawings, in which. a cylindrical shell 14 is spaced a slight distance from the exterior periphery of the lamp body and, at its upper end, is grooved into secure attachment with said crown-plate.

In case a shade having an open bottom is employed, the circulation of the air and gases in the foregoing structure will take place in a slightly different manner from that above described. The dotted arrows to the righthand side indicate the latter condition in which an open shade is employed, and from the same it will be seen that the fresh air will enter from the bottom of the shade and rise therethrough along a divided path, as indicated by arrows 4-5 and 4:6. The air entering the globe 18 will serve to maintain the combustion of the mantle heating gases and will ultimately arise, together with the products of combustion, pass through the orifices 12, into and through the lamp body and finally emerge from the upper end thereof. The air will also take the course indicated by arrows 46 and will finally emerge through the orifices 27 in the member 23, as shown by arrow 47. It will be understood that the latter flow will necessarily take place when an open-bottom shade is used, since the upper portions of globe 18 and the adjacent supporting members tend to become heated through the radiation and conduction of the burner. Such heating of said parts has a like effect upon the adjacent air, which, accordingly, rises and escapes as aforesaid. Such flow, as will be appreciated, has a beneficial effect upon the lamp, inasmuch as the same will be maintained at a normal temperature through the heat-conveying capacity of the rising air. This, accordingly, greatly lessens the liability of the vitreous shades to crack.

It will thus be seen that this invention is one well adapted to attain the many eminent advantages and objects which will be clearly apparent from the foregoing. The apparatus is one in which the air is caused to circulate in the best possible manner and one in which the heat is fully utilized for illuminating purposes. Furthermore, it may be pointed out that, as the inspirator is located exteriorly ofthe lamp and out of the path of the vitiated products, that only fully oxygenized air will be used for mixing with the gas and, as a consequence, the highest heat is developed in the combustion of the result ant mixture.

As many changes could be made in the above construction and many apparently widely different embodiments of my inven tion could be made without departing from the scope thereof, I intend that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A gas lighting apparatus comprising in combination, a lamp-body having a burner tube depending centrally therefrom and having upwardly extending channels for the discharge products of combustion, an injector positioned at one sideof said lamp-body, a tube horizontally leading from said lampbody to said injector whereby mixed gases may be delivered to said burner tube, a combined globe and mantle hanger detachably mounted. adj acent the lower end of said burner tube adapted to support a mantle at the delivery end of said burner tube and adapted to support a shade in circumseribing relation with respect to said mantle and a larger shade detachably carried from the lampbody in circumscribing relation to said first shade.

2. A gas lighting apparatus comprising in combination, a lamp-body having in its center an expansion chamber, a conduit leading transversely therefrom and terminating at one side thereof, an injector arranged at the outer end of said conduit and adapted to deliver a combustible gaseous mixture into said conduit, whereby the same may be received by said expansion chamber, a burner tube depending from said lamp-body in communication with said expansion chamber, a combined globe and mantle hanger detachably carried by the lower end of said burner tube, said hanger having perforations intermediate the globe and mantle to enable the products of combustion to escape, and a shade e11- compassing said globe at a distance therefrom and having an apertured bottom whereby air may ascend in a divided path partly within the globe and partly exterior thereof.

3. A gas lighting apparatus comprising, in combination, a lamp-body, a burner tube centrally depending therefrom, a combined low mantle and globe hanger detachably carried by the lower end of said burner tube, and a shade encompassing said hanger and carried by said lamp-body.

4. A gas lighting apparatus comprising in combination, a lamp-body having upwardly arranged escape channels, a burner tube depending from said lamp-body, a mantle detachably carried by the lower end of said burner tube, a globe support a transparent .r

globe encompassing said mantle and having an opened bottom, said mantle being positioned approximately in the center of said trans )arent globe and a shade encompassing said g obe, ashade support at a distance therefrom and having an apertured bottom whereby air may ascend in a divided ath partly within and partly without said globe.

5. In a gas lighting apparatus, a lamp body having a central expansion and mixingchamber and one or more upwardly extending escape vents, and terminating at its lower end in an outwardly disposed periph eral flange said vents being intermediate the chamber and flange, an annular shade support having an inner edge resting upon said flange and provided intermediate its innor and outer peripheries with suitable airvents, and a shade detachably secured to the outer periphery of said support.

6. In a gas lighting apparatus, a lamp body having a central mixing-chamber, and a nozzle downwardly protruding therefrom, and provided with upwardly extending aireseape channels, said lamp body terminating at its lower end in an outwardly extend.- ing peripheral flange said channels being intermediate said chamber and flange, a shade-support resting upon said flange and downwardly extending therefrom to form an inturncd lower edge, a shade having a reversely-turned upper edge adapted to interfit with said inturncd edge, and a means for releasably retaining said shade and holder together.

7. In a gas lighting apparatus, a lamp body having an annular flange on its lower end, a shade-support carried by said flange, a shade detachably affixed to said support 1 and depending therefrom, and provided with han er carried b r said nozzle and in en a ement with said threads.

9. In a gas lighting apparatus, a lamp body having an annular flange on its lower end, a shade-support carried by said flange, a shade detachably depending from said support, and a mantle-support carried by said lamp body and, at the periphery of the former, in abutment with the lower side of said flange.

10. In a gas lighting apparatus, a lamp body of substantially cylindrical shape terminating in a substantially plane annular bottonnend, a shade-support carried by said lamp body at a point adjacent its lower end, a shade detachably depending from said support, and a combined shade and mantle holder detachably secured to said lamp body and in marginal abutment with the bottom face thereof.

11. In a gas lighting apparatus, a lamp body of substantially cylindrical shape terminating at its lower end in a substantially plane annular bottom, a nozzle centrally depending from said body portion and having a screw-threaded end, and a combined globe and mantle holder carried by said threaded end and maintained in marginal abutment with the bottom of said lamp body.

12. In a gas lighting apparatus, a lamp body having a central mixing-chamber, a gas conduit transversely leading from an exterior inspirator into communication with said mixing chamber, substantially vertical channels for the escape of consumed gases extending through said lamp body intermediate the mixing-chamber and the periphery of said lamp body, a nozzle depending from said lamp body and in communication with said mixing-chamber, a mantle depending from and encircling the lower end of said nozzle, and a globe depending from the lower peripheral portion of said. lamp body and terminating at its lower endv and below said mantle in an opening adapted to permit of a free upward flow of air for maintaining the combustion of 1nantle-heating gases.

13. In a gas lighting apparatus, a lamp body having a central m1x1ng-chan1ber, a gas nozzle extending downwardly therefrom and provided with threads at its lower end, a combined globe and mantle support having a hub in engagement with said threads and flaring upwardly in a funnel-like shape from said hub into abutment at its upper margin with said lamp body, said support having a down-turned, peripheral portion provided with an interior thread, and a globe provided with means adapted to engage with said threaded portion and thereby support said globe.

14. In a gas lighting apparatus, a lamp body having a central mixing-chamber, an inspirator positioned at a distance from said lamp body, a suitable conduit transversely establishing communication between said mixing chamber and inspirator, substantially vertical channels for the escape of consumed gases extending through said lamp body intermediate the mixing-chamber and the periphery of said lamp body, said periphery consisting, at its lower end, of an outwardlyextending flange, an annular shade support carried by said flange and downwardly extending therefrom, a shade detachably depending from said support, a nozzle depending from said lamp body and in communication with said mixing chamber, a combined globe and mantle holder detachably carried by said nozzle and along its upper peripheral portion maintained in abutment with said flange, a mantle depending from said holder and encompassing the lower end of said nozzle, and a globe depending from the upper periphery of said holder and terminating below said mantle in an opening adapted to permit of a free upward flow of air for maintaining the combustion of mantleheating gases, said shade support and globe holder having suitable orifices for the entrance and exit of air.

15. In a gas lighting apparatus, a lamp body having a central mixing-chamber, a gas nozzle extending downwardly therefrom, said lamp body terminating at its lower edge in an outwardly-extending, peripheral flange and provided intermediate said edge and chamber with air-escape channels, a shadesupport resting upon said flange and downwardly extending therefrom to form an inturned lower edge, a shade having an outwardly-turned upper edge adapted to interiit with said inturned edge, a means for releasably engaging said shade and retaining the same within said edge, and a combined globe and mantle hanger carried by said nozzle and in abutment with said lamp body at its upper end.

l6. In a gas lighting apparatus, a cylindrical lamp body having a central mixing chamber and terminating at its lower end in an outwardly extending peripheral flange, said lamp body being provided with vertical air-escape channels intermediate said flanged end and mixing chamber, a shade-support resting upon said flange and extending laterally and downwardly therefrom to form an inturned lower edge, a shade having an annular groove in its upper end adapted to be engaged with said inturned edge, a nozzle depending from said lamp body and in communication with said mixing-chamber, a combined globe and mantle holder in screwthreaded relation with the lower end of said nozzle, a mantle circumscribing the engaged 15 secured to said flaring portion at the upper 20 end thereof.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature, in the presence of two witnesses.

ROBERT M. DIXON.

itnesses G. R. JEwET'r, E. E. ALLBEE. 

